Event-order race

Logic assumes a specific order of asynchronous events; alternate orderings break invariants (TOCTOU).

Combine check-and-use atomically; use optimistic concurrency with retries; serialize critical steps; verify ordering guarantees

Observable signs that may indicate Event-order race:

• Check-then-act logic fails when state changes between operations.
• Validation passes but subsequent use sees different state.
• Time-of-check/time-of-use windows exploited in tests.